Case Report

Adrenocortical carcinoma in a patient presenting with recurrent pulmonary emboli

Published in: Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa
Volume 30 , issue 1 : Entrepreneurship and Africa’s Cultural Context , 2024 , pages: 21–25
DOI: 10.1080/16089677.2025.2477895
Author(s): A Davids Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, EC Kruger Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, AE Zemlin Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Stellenbosch University, South Africa, M Conradie-Smit Stellenbosch University, South Africa,
Keywords: adrenal incidentaloma, adrenocortical carcinoma, pulmonary embolism,
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Abstract

Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare malignancies with a clinically heterogeneous presentation. These tumours can be detected incidentally on imaging, where biochemical evaluation is required to assess tumour functionality. This case describes a patient presenting with recurrent pulmonary emboli and an incidental finding of an adrenal mass. Biochemistry revealed hypercortisolism, plus elevated androgen and oestrogen levels despite only mild clinical features of hypercortisolism. Histology confirmed a high-grade adrenocortical carcinoma.
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